Hidden heat to change state is known as the latent heat. The word latent means hidden.
The amount of heat energy that is required to change 1 kg of a solid into liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting
point is known as the latent heat of fusion.
So, particles in water at 00 C (273 K) have more energy as compared to particles in ice at the same temperature’
At a certain temperature, a point is reached when the particles have enough energy to break free from the forces of attraction of each other. At
this temperature the liquid starts changing into gas. The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric pressure is known as its boiling point. Boiling is a bulk phenomenon. Particles from the bulk of the liquid gain enough energy to change into the vapour state.
Particles in steam, that is, water vapour at 373 K (1000 C) have more energy than water at the same temperature. This is because particles in steam have absorbed extra energy in the form of latent heat of vaporisation.