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What is Menstrual Cycle?
The uterus expands a new lining each month as a result of the series of changes, making it ready to receive a fertilised egg. The uterus discards its lining if there isn’t a fertilised egg to start a pregnancy. You might refer to the monthly menstrual bleeding that women undergo from early adolescence until menopause as the menstrual cycle, the menstrual period, or the menstrual bleeding.
From the first day of bleeding to the first day of the subsequent bleeding phase, the menstrual cycle is measured. Although the cycle is typically 28 days long, it can be shorter or longer without much of a problem.
There are four distinct phases that make up the entire menstrual cycle:
From day 1 to 5: Menstrual phase
From day 1 to 13: Follicular phase
Day 14: Ovulation phase
From day 15 to 28: Luteal phase
Girls often begin having menstrual cycles between the ages of 11 and 14. That is known as Monarch. Contrarily, women typically have fewer periods when they are between the ages of 39 and 51. The menstrual cycle stops after the age of 45 years which is called Menopause, It’s interesting to note that cycles can vary greatly or be lengthier in women in their 40s and teenagers.
Management of Menstrual Cycle
The female body’s hormones play a major role in controlling the menstrual cycle. The pituitary and hypothalamus send hormone messages back and forth with the ovaries throughout each cycle. These signals allow the uterus and ovaries to prepare for pregnancy.
Progesterone and oestrogen also play important roles in relation to the uterus and its modifications over the course of a cycle. Estrogen is in charge of developing the uterine lining.
Additionally, progesterone increases when an ovary throws out an egg in the course of a particular cycle. As a result, the oestrogen can maintain a thick lining and remain ready for a fertilised egg thanks to this. The lining tears and the period begin as the progesterone levels fall.
Typical Menstrual Cycle Signs and Symptoms
According to a study, some women don’t have any discomfort or other problems when they menstruate. Others, nevertheless, have symptoms before and during the menstrual cycle. Many women start to feel premenstrual symptoms about a week before their period arrives. In this stage, females may appear agitated and tense. Bloating and an increase in water weight are frequent at this time.
Additionally, breasts may feel painful and acne may become a visible symptom. One or two days prior to the start of your menstruation, you may experience back, stomach, or leg cramps. However, after the first few days of the menstrual period, these symptoms disappear.