Q. Explain the structure of sperm.

Solution :

FIG – HUMAN SPERM

STRUCTURE OF HUMAN SPERM :

A head, neck, middle section, and tail make up sperm.

The plasma membrane encloses the entire sperm body.

The anterior portion of the head is covered by a cap-like structure known as the acrosome, and the head includes an extended haploid nucleus. This acrosome contains enzymes that aid in ovum fertilisation.

The central section is home to a large number of mitochondria, which generate energy for the movement of the tail and support sperm motility, which is necessary for fertilisation. The average male produces between 200 and 300 million sperms during coitus, of which at least 60% must be of proper size and form and at least 40% must exhibit vigorous motility for normal fertility.

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