MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

The spaces in between the constituent particles and kinetic energy of the particles are minimum in the case of solids, intermediate in liquids and maximum in gases.

The forces of attraction between the particles are maximum in solids, intermediate in liquids and minimum in gases.

The matter around us exists in three states— solid, liquid and gas.

Sublimation is the change of solid state directly to gaseous state without going through liquid state.

Deposition is the change of gaseous state directly to solid state without going through liquid state.

Boiling is a bulk phenomenon. Particles from the bulk (whole) of the liquid change into vapour state.

Evaporation is a surface phenomenon. Particles from the surface gain enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction present in the liquid and change into the vapour state.

The rate of evaporation depends upon the surface area exposed to the atmosphere, the temperature, the humidity and the wind speed.

Latent heat of vaporisation is the heat energy required to change 1 kg of a liquid to gas at atmospheric pressure at its boiling point.

Latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change 1 kg of solid into liquid at its melting point.