CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

Farmers with small holdings of land do the separation of grain and chaff by winnowing.

In the harvested crop, the grain seeds need to be separated from the chaff. This process is called threshing. This is carried out with the help of a machine called ‘combine’ which is in fact a harvester as well as a thresher

Harvesting in our country is either done manually by sickle or by a machine called harvester.

. The cutting of crop after it is mature is called harvesting.

Weeds are also controlled by using certain chemicals, called weedicides,like 2,4-D. These are sprayed in the fields to kill the weeds.

The removal of weeds is called weeding. Weeding is necessary since weeds compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light.

In a field many other undesirable plants may grow naturally along with the crop. These undesirable plants are called weeds.

Modern methods of irrigationhelp us to use water economically. The main methods used are as follows:(i) Sprinkler System: This system is more useful on the uneven land where sufficient water is not available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. When water is allowed to …

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Traditional Methods of IrrigationThe water available in wells, lakes and canals is lifted up by different methods in different regions, for taking it to the fields. Cattle or human labour is used in these methods. So these methods are cheaper, but less efficient. The various traditional ways are:(i) moat (pulley-system)(ii) chain pump (iii) dhekli, and(iv) …

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Sources of irrigation : The sources of water for irrigation are— wells, tube wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, damsand canals.