CH 1 TRACING CHANGES THROUGH A THOUSAND YEARS

The Khalistan issue refers to a Sikh separatist movement that seeks to establish a Sikh homeland within the Punjab region. The proposed state would consist of land that currently forms Punjab, India and Punjab, Pakistan.

Amrit is a mixture of sugar and water that has been stirred with a double-edged sword. The candidates for initiation drink some of the amrit from the same bowl, and have it sprinkled on their eyes and hair. Each then recites the Mool Mantra (the fundamentals of Sikhism).

The khandaThe khanda (Punjabi: ਖੰਡਾ, khaṇḍā) is the symbol of the Sikh faith which attained its current form around the 1930s during the Ghadar Movement.

Gobind SinghGobind Rai, whose name was altered to Gobind Singh possibly at the time of the creation of the Khalsa, was born in Patna, the only child of Guru Tegh Bahadur. At the age of five he was brought to Anandpur and educated in Sanskrit and Persian and in the arts of poetry and warfare.

Definition of amrit : a sweetened water used by the Sikhs as a sacred drink and as baptismal water.

Shivaji Bhonsale was an Indian empire and the greatest known Warrior king. He was an official member of the Bhonsle Maratha clan. Shivaji carved out an enclave from the declining Adil Shahi Sultanate of Bijapur. This was what had formed the beginning of the Maratha Empire.

Nizam established his kingdom in Hyderabad. Rajput kingdoms in Rajasthan were freed from Mughals. Most of the part of India came under Maratha dominion, Punjab came under Sikhs, Awadh came under the rule of Nawabs, Rajput rulers freed themselves from Mughal dominion & established their own independent kingdoms.

He was of the thinking that learning about the history of different countries, their strengths, and weaknesses is important for a ruler, as every great ruler or emperor wins the battle by knowing everything about their enemy. Aurangzeb says, know the enemy, and know yourself.

Answer. The jagirdari system was a system that allotted jagirs to jagirdars or landlords in return for the services rendered by them to the Mughal Empire. … This resulted in a major dip in the flow of revenue to the royal treasury and inevitably led to a decline in the power of the Mughal Emperor.

Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad.