Class 6

Economic, political, and social issues merge with circumstances of modernization to make people want to migrate from rural to urban areas.

5 big challenges facing big cities of the future Environmental threats. Rapid urbanization, which strains basic infrastructure, coupled with more frequent and extreme weather events linked to global climate change is exacerbating the impact of environmental threats. … Resources. … Inequality. … Technology. … Governance.

Solutions to Urbanization Building Sustainable and Environmentally-friendly Cities. … Provision of Essential Services. … Creation of More Jobs. … Population Control.

Urbanization permits external scale and scope economies, reduces transactions costs, and allows specialization among firms leading to low costs of production. (2004) report that doubling the size of cities can lead to an increase in productivity of some 3– 8%.

In addition, urbanization has many adverse effects on the structure of society as gigantic concentrations of people compete for limited resources. Rapid housing construction leads to overcrowding and slums, which experience major problems such as poverty, poor sanitation, unemployment and high crime rates.

UNIT 1. UCD. A process of social transformation in urban area through which people could organize themselves in communities, understands their local situations and work for its improvement with limited assistance from the government.

Urbanization is the process through which cities grow, and higher and higher percentages of the population comes to live in the city.

base refers to those activities of an urban. community which export goods and. services to points outside the economic. confines of the community or which. market their goods and services to persons.

There are many different ways to define a city. It can be called a collection of buildings for an economic purpose or a dense human settlement. It can also be defined as any area where the value of the land may be governed by its distance to something.

7 Types of Urban Planning Strategic Urban Planning. Strategic urban planning focuses on setting high-level goals and determining desired areas of growth for a city or metropolitan area. … Land-Use Planning. … Master Planning. … Urban Revitalization. … Economic Development. … Environmental Planning. … Infrastructure Planning.