The reaction between an acid and a base is known as neutralisation. Salt and water are produced in this processwith the evolution of heat.Acid+Base → Salt+Water(Heat is evolved)The following reaction is an example:Hydrochloric acid (HCl) + Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) → Sodium chloride (NaCl) + Water (H2O)
Great care should be taken while handling laboratory acids and bases because these are corrosive in nature, irritating and harmful to skin.
As the name indicates the rain containing excess of acids is called an acid rain. The rain becomes acidic because carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide (which are released into the air as pollutants) dissolve in rain drops to form carbonic acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid respectively. Acid rain can cause damage to …
The most commonly used natural indicator is litmus. It is extracted from lichens . It has a mauve (purple) colour in distilled water. When added to an acidic solution, it turns red and when added to a basic solution, it turns blue. It is available in the form of a solution, or in the form …
Special type of substances are used to test whether a substance is acidic or basic. These substances are known asindicators. The indicators change their colour when added to a solution containing an acidic or a basic substance. Turmeric, litmus, China rose petals (Gudhal), etc., are some of the naturally occurring indicators.
Name of acid Found inAcetic acid VinegarFormic acid Ant’s stingCitric acid Citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, etc.Lactic acid CurdOxalic acid SpinachAscorbic acid Amla, Citrus fruits (Vitamin C)Tartaric acid Tamarind, grapes, unripe mangoes, etc.All the acids mentioned above occur in nature Name of base Found inCalcium hydroxide Lime waterAmmonium hydroxide Window cleanerSodium hydroxide/ SoapPotassium hydroxideMagnesium …
substances like these which are bitter in taste and feel soapy on touching are known as bases.The nature of such substances is said to be basic. eg soap, baking soda
These substances taste sour because they contain acids. The chemical nature of such substances is acidic. The word acid comes from the Latin word acere which means sour. The acids in these substances are natural acids.
The heat flows from a body at a higher temperature to a body at a lower temperature. There are three ways in which heat can flow from one object to another. These are conduction, convection and radiation.
Dark-coloured objects absorb more heat than the light-coloured objects. That is the reason we feel more comfortable in light-coloured clothes in the summer.
