Bose-Einstein Condensate: In 1920, Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose had done some calculations for a fifth state of matter. Building on his calculations, Albert Einstein predicted a new state of matter – the Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC). In 2001, Eric A. Cornell, WolfgangKetterle and Carl E. Wieman of USA received the Nobel prize in physics for …
Plasma: The state consists of super energetic and super excited particles. These particles are in the form of ionised gases. The fluorescent tube and neon sign bulbs consist of plasma. Inside a neon sign bulb there is neon gas and inside a fluorescent tube there is helium gas or some other gas. The gas gets …
The rate of evaporation increases with–• an increase of surface area:We know that evaporation is a surface phenomenon. If the surface area is increased, the rate of evaporation increases. For example, while puttingclothes for drying up we spread them out.• an increase of temperature:With the increase of temperature, more number of particles get enough kinetic …
Evaporation Change of state from liquid to vapour takes place without the liquid reaching the boiling point. At a given temperature in any gas, liquid or solid, there are particles with different amounts of kinetic energy. In the case of liquids, a smallfraction of particles at the surface, having higher kinetic energy, is able to …
Temperature : On increasing the temperature of solids, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.Due to the increase in kinetic energy, the particles start vibrating with greater speed.The energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction between the particles. The particles leave their fixed positions and start moving more freely. A stage is reached …
Matter around us exists in three different states– solid, liquid and gas. These states of matter arise due to the variation in the characteristics of the particles of matter. THE SOLID STATE All solid have a definite shape, distinct boundaries and fixed volumes, that is, have negligible compressibility. Solids have a tendency to maintain their …
Characteristics of Particles of Matter i ) PARTICLES OF MATTER HAVE SPACE BETWEEN THEM Particles of one type of matter get into the spaces between particles of the other. Particles of matter are continuously moving, that is, they possess the kinetic energy. As the temperature rises, particles move faster. So, we can say that with …
Cell Division New cells are formed in organisms in order to grow, to replace old, dead and injured cells, and to form gametes required for reproduction.The process by which new cells are made is called cell division. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. The process of cell division by which …
Each cell thus acquires its structure and ability to function because of the organisation of its membrane and organelles in specific ways. The cell thus has a basic structural organisation. This helps the cells to perform functions like respiration, obtaining nutrition, and clearing of waste material, or forming new proteins. Thus, the cell is the …
Why cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of life ? Read More »
VACUOLES Vacuoles are storage sacs for solid or liquid contents. Vacuoles are small sized in animal cells while plant cells have very large vacuoles.The central vacuole of some plant cells may occupy 50-90% of the cell volume. In plant cells vacuoles are full of cell sap and provide turgidity and rigidity to the cell.Many substances …
