Energy is a scalar quantity whose SI unit is the joule (J). Energy is found in many things and thus there are different types of energy. All forms of energy are either kinetic or potential.
Kinetic Energy
The energy in motion is known as Kinetic Energy.
For example, a moving ball, flowing water etc.
The SI unit of Kinetic energy is Joule (J).
1 J = 1 N ⋅ m = 1 kg ⋅ m2/s2.
The C G S unit of Kinetic energy is erg.
1 Erg = 1 dyn.cm = 1 g cm2 /s2
Potential Energy
This is the energy stored in an object and is measured by the amount of work done.
For example: Book on a table etc.
Where,
m = Mass of the object (in kilograms)
g = Acceleration due to gravity
h = Height in meters
The SI unit of Potential energy is Joule (J)= N ⋅ m = kg ⋅ m2/s2.
The C G S unit of Potential energy is Erg = dyn.cm = g cm2 /s2
Mechanical Energy
It is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy that is the energy associated with the motion & the position of an object, known as Mechanical energy.
Thus, we can derive the formula of mechanical energy as –
Mechanical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy
ME = KE + PE.
ME = ½ mv2 + mgh.
Chemical Energy
In chemical compounds, chemical energy is held between the bonds that hold the atoms together. Energy can be released (or absorbed) in the same temperature and environment because a chemical reaction between a group of substances equals the difference in the energy content of the products and the reactants.
Some other types of energy are Electric, Magnetic, Radiant, Nuclear, Ionization, Elastic, Gravitational, Thermal, Heat & Mechanical work.
Different Types of Energy Resources
Fuels are created from energy sources. Vehicles, machinery, and other industries all use fuels. They help thermal power plants produce electricity. There are two categories of energy resources: non-renewable and renewable.
Non-renewable Resources
Oil, natural gas, and coal are examples of fossil fuels that are regarded as non-renewable resources because, once consumed, they cannot be replenished naturally.
Renewable Resources
Natural resources like wind, water, solar, and geothermal are referred to as renewable resources because they are continuously present in nature and come from sources that regenerate them after use.
Types of energy based on their resources are :
Bio-energy
Coal
Geothermal
Hydrogen
Hydro-power
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Oil
Solar
Wind
Wood